信用证欺诈例外原则研究

Research on Fraud Exception Principle of Letter of Credit

摘要: 独立性原则作为信用证制度的基础，为开证申请人与受益人之间的交易带来了极大的便利。其自身的缺陷也为不法分子的欺诈行为留下可乘之机。信用证欺诈例外原则的出现打破了其独立性原则，在一定程度上解决了欺诈问题。为维护善意第三人的利益，确保信用证制度的稳定性，维护独立性原则，又产生了信用证欺诈例外原则的豁免。本文从理论的角度出发，结合信用证三大原则探寻问题，同时比较研究英美的立法制度，从欺诈标准、欺诈主体、证据标准等方面提出了一定的建议，以寻找三者之间的平衡点。

Abstract: As the basis of the L/C system, the principle of independence brings great convenience to the transaction between the applicant and the beneficiary. Its own defects also leave opportunities for fraudulent acts of lawbreakers. The appearance of the fraud exception principle of letter of credit breaks the independence principle and solves the fraud problem to a certain extent. In order to safeguard the interests of the bona fide third party, ensure the stability of the L/C system and safeguard the independence principle, the exemption of the fraud exception principle of L/C is produced. From a theoretical point of view, this paper explores problems by combining the three principles of letter of credit, and compares the legislative systems of Britain and the United States, and puts forward some suggestions from the aspects of fraud standards, fraud subjects, evidence standards, etc., in order to find the balance point between the three.