信用证不符点为拒付理由的判例研究——以银行审单为视角

A Case Study on the Reasons for Dishonor of L/C—From the Perspective of Bank Documents Examination

摘要: 根据UCP600 (跟单信用证统一惯例)第14条a款[UCP600，14a按照指定行事的被指定银行、保兑行(如有)以及开证行必须对提示的单据进行审核，并仅以单据为基础，以决定单据在表面上看来是否构成相符提示。]，信用证的审单原则为表面审查原则，审查单单之间、单证之间是否相符。而对于“表面相符”原则的理解、银行的其他审单原则、审单标准、银行拒付程序等问题尚未明晰，跟单信用证统一惯例以及我国相关立法并未有明确规定，本文通过列举一些国内外的案例进行分析试图对相关问题进行解答。

Abstract: Pursuant to Article 14a of UCP600 (Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits) [UCP600, 14a a nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank (if any) and an issuing bank must examine a presentation and determine, on the basis of the document alone, whether it appears on its face to constitute a complying presentation.], the document inspection principle of letter of credit is the principle of superficial examination, whether the inspection between documents and documents is consistent. But to what is “the surface is consistent”, what principle, what standard should the bank examine, what position should the bank examine, as well as in practice what the bank should pay attention to the question, documentary letter of credit uniform practice and our country related legislation has not made the clear answer, this article attempts to answer this by listing some domestic and foreign cases the analysis.