富硒土壤养分质量及水稻富硒评价：以新会区崖门镇崖西农业区为例

Assessment of Selenium-Rich Soil Nutrient Quality and Selenium-Rich Rice: Taking Yaxi Agricultural Area in Yamen Town, Xinhui District as an Example

摘要: 为推动崖门镇富硒农业区农产品产业的发展，本文选取了新会区崖门镇崖西一带开展详细的地球化学调查工作，查明该区域营养元素分布，同时开展土壤养分质量评价。本研究共采集600件表层土壤样品、23件水稻样品及23件根系土样品，测试分析了氮、磷、钾、有机质、钼、铜、锌、锗、硒和pH共10项指标。结果表明：1) 研究区硒资源丰富，表层土壤硒元素含量范围在0.09~2.27 mg/kg之间，平均值为0.75 mg/kg；2) 研究区表层土壤养分综合等级基本处于较缺乏–缺乏水平，大量元素整体处于三等水平。土壤呈中酸性–强酸性，锌和铜含量水平较低，普遍处于较缺乏–缺乏水平，土壤有机质、锗和钼元素含量则较为丰富；3) 研究区内种植的水稻硒及其根系土的硒的相关系数达0.42，相互关系紧密，说明在富硒土壤中种植的水稻更具富硒潜力。

Abstract: To promote the development of the selenium-rich agricultural products industry in Yamen Town, this article conducted a detailed geochemical survey in the Yaxi area of Xinhui, Yamen Town, to determine the distribution of nutrients in the region and conduct a quality evaluation of soil nutrients. A total of 600 surface soil samples, 23 rice samples, and 23 root soil samples were collected for testing and analysis of 10 indicators, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, molybdenum, copper, zinc, germanium, selenium, and pH. The results showed that: 1) the selenium resources in the study area are rich, with the selenium content of the surface soil ranging from 0.09 to 2.27 mg/kg, with an average value of 0.75 mg/kg; 2) the comprehensive level of soil nutrients in the study area is basically deficient to moderately deficient, and a large number of elements are at the third level. The soil is generally of medium to strong acidity, with low levels of zinc and copper, which are generally deficient to moderately deficient, while the soil organic matter, germanium, and molybdenum content are relatively abundant; 3) the correlation coefficient between the selenium in rice grown in the study area and the selenium in its root soil reached 0.42, indicating a close relationship, and indicating that rice grown in selenium-rich soil has greater potential for selenium enrichment.