多普勒激光雷达监测的夏秋福建沿海风机典型高度上的风能变化特征

Doppler Lidar-Monitored Wind Energy in Summer and Autumn along the Fujian Coast Wind Energy Variation Characteristics at Typical Height of Wind Turbines

摘要: 风电可以弥补我国东南沿海经济重心能源供应不足，但随着风机高度不断突破，传统的测风手段已无法满足监测需求。为此，采用布设在福建三沙沿海和内陆两个观测点的多普勒测风激光雷达，针对2020年8~11月100~200米典型风机高度上湍流强度、风功率密度分布情况进行精细化对比分析。结果表明：无论是沿海还是内陆监测点，随着垂直高度的上升，湍流强度逐渐减小而风功率密度逐步增大；从日变化来看，在103.9 m、155.9 m、207.8 m垂直高度上，日出前湍流强度最大，风功率密度最小。在这三个高度上，沿海区域的湍流强度最大值分别为0.178、0.154、0.133，风功率密度最小值分别为138.463 W/m²、175.860 W/m²、186.455 W/m²，而内陆区域的湍流强度最大值分别为0.180、0.144、0.121，风功率密度最小值分别为145.835 W/m²、184.868 W/m²、196.712 W/m²。日落后的湍流强度最弱，风功率密度达到最大，沿海区域的湍流强度的最小值分别为0.106、0.088、0.075，风功率密度最大值分别为259.219 W/m²、299.590 W/m²、322.200 W/m²。内陆区域的湍流强度最小值分别为0.116、0.086、0.074，风功率密度最大值分别为254.318 W/m²、303.084 W/m²、328.150 W/m²。从风资源的月际变化看，8、9月份风功率密度为100 W/m²左右；10、11月份风能资源丰富，11月份的平均风功率密度可达到800 W/m²左右。

Abstract: Wind power can make up for the lack of energy supply in the economic center of gravity along the southeast coast of China, but with the continuous breakthrough of wind turbine heights, the tradi-tional means for wind cannot meet the monitoring needs. To this end, we quantitatively analyzed the distribution of turbulence intensity and wind power density at the height of 100-200 m from August to November 2020 using the data from Doppler wind measurement lidars at two observatories in the Sansha area, Fujian Province. The results showed that the turbulence intensity gradually decreased and wind power density gradually increased with the increase of height at both the coastal and inland monitoring points. In terms of daily variation, the values of turbulence intensity at the vertical heights of 103.9 m, 155.9 m and 207.8 m were the largest and the wind power densities were the smallest before sunrise. At these three heights, in the coastal regions, the maximum values of turbulence intensity were 0.178, 0.154 and 0.133, and the minimum values of wind power densities were 138.463 W/m², 175.860 W/m² and 186.455 W/m², respectively. While in the inland regions, the maximum values of turbulence intensity were 0.180, 0.144 and 0.121, and the minimum values of wind power densities were 145.835 W/m², 184.868 W/m² and 196.712 W/m², respectively. The turbulence intensity was the weakest and the wind power density reached the maximum after sunset. Also at those three heights, in coastal areas, the minimum values of turbulence intensity were 0.106, 0.088 and 0.075, and the maximum values of wind power densities were 259.219 W/m², 299.590 W/m² and 322.200 W/m², respectively. In inland regions, the minimum values of turbulence intensity were 0.116, 0.086 and 0.074, and the maximum values of wind power densities were 254.318 W/ m², 303.084 W/m² and 328.150 W/m², respectively. From the inter-monthly variation of wind resources, the monthly average values of wind power density in August and September were about 100 W/m²; the wind energy resources were abundant in October and November, and the monthly average value of wind power density in November reached about 800 W/m².