耕地利用脆弱性评价及时空特征分析——以昆明市东川区为例

Study on Ecological Vulnerability Evaluation of Cultivated Land—Taking Dongchuan District of Kunming as an Example

摘要: 本文以东川区为典型区域，对耕地利用脆弱性进行评估，研究耕地利用脆弱性变化，构建耕地利用脆弱性理论框架，尝试从3个方面提出供需性脆弱、产出效益性脆弱和生态性脆弱分析指标，以准确识别耕地脆弱性区域并为耕地合理利用与管理提供参考。该篇基于1990年，2000年，2010年和2018年土地数据，采用层次分析法(AHP)和熵值法并结合GIS空间分析技术，求出耕地脆弱性综合指数，对研究区进行脆弱度划分的生态脆弱性评价。结果表明：东川区耕地生态系统划分为五个脆弱区，30年间，耕地生态脆弱性经历了持续增大的变化过程，在空间分布上呈现东高西低的格局，从总体上看，东川区铜都镇和拖布卡镇耕地脆弱性等级较高，大部分主要是由于特殊的地理环境和人类频繁活动干扰的结果。

Abstract: Taking Dongchuan District as a typical area, this paper evaluates the vulnerability of arable land use, studies the changes of the vulnerability of arable land use, tries to build a theoretical framework of the vulnerability of arable land use from three aspects, and puts forward the analysis indicators of supply and demand vulnerability, output benefit vulnerability and ecological vulnerability, so as to accurately identify the vulnerable areas of arable land and provide reference for the rational use and management of arable land. Based on the land data in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018, the comprehensive index of arable land vulnerability is obtained by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method combined with GIS spatial analysis technology, and the ecological vulnerability assessment of vulnerability division is carried out in the study area. The results show that the cultivated land ecosystem in Dongchuan district is divided into five vulnerable areas. In the past 30 years, the ecological vulnerability of cultivated land has experienced a continuous increasing process, and the spatial distribution shows a pattern of high in the East and low in the West. In general, the vulnerability of cultivated land in Tongdu town and Tuobuka town in Dongchuan district is high, most of which is mainly due to the special geographical environment and the interference of frequent human activities.