全球数据治理：跨境数据流动的现状与困境

Global Data Governance: Status and Dilemmas of Cross-Border Data Flows

摘要: 数据作为当前全球经济的关键驱动力正变得越来越重要。数据治理和全球数据的跨境流动给全球治理带来了重大挑战。国际数据协议必须嵌入到二战后布雷顿森林体系所强调的“基于规则”的国际秩序中，以便于管理全球经济的发展。然而，全球跨境数据流动的治理规则却变得越来越复杂，国家和国际组织作为全球数据治理中的主要行为体，在不同利益和国际规则下对跨境数据流动的管理表现出了巨大的差异性，这使得全球数据的跨境流动受到不同情况的阻碍。

Abstract: Data is becoming increasingly important as a key driver of the current global economy. Data governance and the cross-border flow of global data pose significant challenges to global governance. International data agreements must be embedded in the “rules-based” international order emphasized by the post-World War II Bretton Woods system to facilitate the management of the global economy. However, the rules governing global cross-border data flows have become increasingly complex, and States and international organizations, as the main actors in global data governance, have shown great diversity in managing cross-border data flows under different interests and international rules, which have impeded the cross-border flow of global data under different circumstances.