CISG调整下国际货物买卖合同行使解除权的问题研究

Study on the Exercise of Rescission Right of Contract for International Sale of Goods under the Adjustment of CISG

摘要: 《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》是调整国际货物买卖最重要的、适用最广泛的公约。CISG调整下存在根本违约、延迟履行、预期违约和履行障碍四种解除权行使原因，但由于CISG是综合各国立法的产物，其对可以行使合同解除权的情形规定存在如根本违约“实际上剥夺”程度认定、“可预见性”时间界定等实践适用不确定性强等问题。通过明确理论与实践中的共识与争议，本文分析认为，CISG未来可以放宽根本违约的可预知性、在分批合同交付条款中增加通知保证款项、在预期违约中止条款中增设宽限期。并且建议合同双方在订立合同时就注意对情势变更、违反从义务和可预见性的约定。

Abstract: The “United National Convention on Contracts for the International Sales of Goods” is the most important and widely applied convention regulating the international sale of goods. Under the adjustment of CISG, there are four reasons for exercising the right of rescission: fundamental breach of contract, delay of performance, expected breach of contract and obstacles of performance. However, since CISG is the product of comprehensive legislation of various countries, its provisions on the circumstances under which the right of rescission of contract can be exercised have some problems, such as the determination of the degree of “substantially to deprive” of fundamental breach and the definition of the time of “foreseeability”. By clarifying the consensus and disputes in theory and practice, this paper analyzes that CISG can relax the predictability of fundamental breach in the future, add a notice guarantee to the delivery clause of instalment contracts, and add a grace period to the suspension clause of expected breach. It is also suggested that both parties should pay attention to the agreement on change of circumstances, breach of subordinate obligation and predictability when concluding the contract.