跟骨骨折的微创治疗进展

Advances in Minimally Invasive Treatment of Calcaneal Fractures

摘要: 跟骨骨折是跗骨最常见的骨折，其发生率占跗骨骨折的90%左右，占所有骨折的2%左右。跟骨骨折的分型已有很多分类，在临床中通常将Essex-Lopresti分型和Sanders分型相结合来治疗。传统的治疗方法极易导致周围软组织、神经和血管损伤，而且创伤大、并发症多。但随着对跟骨解剖结构的认识逐渐加深，微创技术已成为治疗的主要方法。微创治疗跟骨骨折，可以很好地复位关节，其切口小、对血供影响小，而且愈合快。笔者查阅相关文献，就跟骨骨折的分型和微创治疗进展作一综述，为跟骨骨折的临床治疗提供一定的参考。

Abstract: Calcaneal fractures are the most common fracture of the tarsus, accounting for about 90 percent of tarsal fractures and about 2 percent of all fractures. There have been many classifications of calca-neal fractures, and in clinical practice, they are usually treated by combining the Essex-Lopresti classification with the Sanders classification. Traditional treatments are highly likely to cause dam-age to the surrounding soft tissues, nerves and blood vessels, and are highly traumatic with many complications. However, with the progressive understanding of the anatomy of the calcaneus, min-imally invasive techniques have become the mainstay of treatment. Minimally invasive treatment of calcaneal fractures allows for excellent resetting of the joint with small incisions, minimal impact on the blood supply, and rapid healing. The author reviewed the relevant literature and made a review on the progress of typing and minimally invasive treatment of calcaneal fractures to provide certain reference for the clinical treatment of calcaneal fractures.