主观意向的个人与现实的个人：萨特与马克思人学再比较

Subjective Intentional Individuals and Realistic Individuals: A Further Comparison between Sartre and Marxist Anthropology

摘要: 关于人的研究是古今中外哲学亘古不变的主题，也是当今国内外学术界关注的焦点问题。萨特作为存在主义二十世纪代表人物，认为存在主义是一种人道主义，充分肯定了人价值的优先性，并试图将存在主义与马克思主义相结合，弥补马克思主义思想的主体缺憾。但当我们深入其文本时，不难看出其人学思想中的抽象性，以及对马克思思想的曲解。为纠正萨特思想的偏差，我们需要对马克思人学思想与萨特的人学思想进行全面比较，指出萨特思想的倒退性和两种思想无法结合的原因，并以马克思思想为理论依据实事求是地解决萨特所提出的质疑，破除马克思主义思想发展道路上的悖论，找准马克思主义思想发展的道路。

Abstract: The study of human beings is an eternal theme in philosophy both at home and abroad, and it is also a focus of attention in the academic community at home and abroad today. As a representative figure of existentialism in the 20th century, Sartre believed that existentialism was a form of humanism, fully affirming the priority of human values, and attempting to combine existentialism with Marxism to make up for the subjective shortcomings of Marxist thought. But when we delve deeper into its text, it is not difficult to see the abstraction in its humanistic thinking and the misinterpretation of Marxist thought. To correct the deviation of Sartre’s thought, we need to comprehensively compare Marxist humanistic thought with Sartre’s humanistic thought, point out the retrogression of Sartre’s thought and the reasons why the two ideas cannot be combined, and use Marxist thought as the theoretical basis to realistically solve the doubts raised by Sartre, break the paradox on the development path of Marxist thought, and find the right path for the development of Marxist thought.