金融科技对银行风险的影响——银行数字化转型的非线性异构作用

The Impact of Fintech on Bank Risks —Nonlinear and Heterogeneous Role of Bank Digital Transfor-mation

摘要: 本研究探讨金融科技对银行风险的影响是否随银行数字化转型水平发生机制转换。本研究采用2010~2020年中国39家银行的平衡面板数据。实证结果表明，金融科技总体上增加了银行风险；然而，随着银行数字化转型的加剧，这种影响正在减弱。此外，应对金融科技颠覆的数字化转型带来的好处主要局限于大型银行，而中小银行则有可能受到金融科技颠覆的日益严重的影响。这些发现表明，在金融科技时代，中小银行需要优先考虑风险管理措施。

Abstract: This study investigates whether the impact of fintech on bank risk undergoes a mechanism transi-tion with the level of bank digital transformation. A balanced panel dataset covering 39 banks in China from 2010 to 2020 is utilized for this investigation. Empirical results demonstrate that fintech, overall, elevates bank risk; however, such effects are attenuated as bank digital transfor-mation intensifies. Further, benefits rendered by digital transformation in response to fintech dis-ruption are primarily confined to large banks, while small and medium-sized banks exhibit the po-tential to experience worsening impacts from fintech disruption. These findings imply the need to prioritize risk management measures for small and medium-sized banks in the fintech era.