基于高密度直流电法的五点三次平滑法与五点直线滑动平均法去噪方法的对比研究

Comparative Study on Denoising Methods of 5.3 Smoothing Method and Linear Moving Average Method Based on High Density Current Method

摘要: 高密度电阻率法作为电法勘探的一种方法，其布设方式简单，仪器易于操作，成本低，解释简便等优点，在水文地质勘探以及工程地质勘探等方面有着广泛的应用，获得了显著的效果。然而在高密度电阻率法野外采集数据的过程中，由于仪器设备、人为操作以及工区环境噪音等众多因素，造成获得的数据中含有各种噪音，使得通过反演获得的电性结构模型与实际的地下结构有着很大的偏差。因此本次研究以在内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市扎兰屯市大河湾镇附近采集的高密度电阻率数据为例，由于浅部含有的随机噪音较多，因此通过MATLAB编写五点三次平滑法和五点直线滑动平均法的程序，并利用程序对采集到的原始数据进行去噪，然后采用RES2DINV软件对两种去噪方法获得的数据以及原始数据分别进行反演，并与原始数据反演结果进行对比。结果表明经过五点三次平滑法去噪获得的数据能够有效地消除干扰，使获得的电性结构模型在水平方向上的分层更加清晰连贯，并且总体上不会改变电阻率的分布特征，有助于自然资源地表基质垂向结构特征的研究。

Abstract: As a method of electrical prospecting, the high-density resistivity method has the advantages of simple layout, easy operation of instruments, low cost, and easy interpretation. It has been widely used in hydrogeological prospecting and engineering geological prospecting, significant effect. However, in the process of collecting data in the field by the high-density resistivity method, due to many factors such as equipment, human operation, and environmental noise in the work area, the obtained data contains various noises, which makes the electrical structure model obtained by inversion different from the actual one. The underground structure has a large deviation. Therefore, this study takes the high-density resistivity data collected near Dahewan Town, Zhalantun City, Hulunbeier City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an example. Since the shallow part contains more random noise, the five-point cubic smoothing method and the five-point smoothing method are written by MATLAB The program of the point-line moving average method, and use the program to denoise the collected original data, and then use the RES2DINV software to invert the data obtained by the two denoising methods and the original data respectively, and compare with the original data inversion results Compared. The results show that the data obtained by denoising the five-point cubic smoothing method can effectively eliminate the interference, making the layering of the obtained electrical structure model clearer and coherent in the horizontal direction, and the distribution characteristics of the resistivity will not be changed in general. Contribute to the study of the vertical structure characteristics of the surface matrix of natural resources.