论个人信息保护知情同意原则的完善研究

On the Improvement of the Principle of Informed Consent for Personal Information Protection

摘要: 《个人信息保护法》进一步的细化了在个人信息保护活动中所需要遵循的原则和具体开展个人信息保护的实践中所需要遵守的规则。其中，第13条以穷举的方式列出了怎么样合法的处理和使用个人信息，即为处理个人信息提供了合法性基础，同时也将知情同意原则确立为了个人信息保护所需要遵循的基本原则。但实际上对于该原则的解读是有些偏向于保守而稳定，缺少某些积极主动之要素。比如过分的强调对个人信息的控制，虽然并非“一刀切”的不加以思考的保护，但却忽视了将个人信息加以流通和利用后所能带来的巨大利益，为了在二者之中提出一个相对合理的两全之策，本文建议我国可以引入优位利益豁免规则。但前提必须是建立优位利益地位判定机制，明确信息处理者的义务。同时在确保救济途径明确，救济覆盖面广，加强政府的监督与管理。

Abstract: The Personal Information Protection Law further details the principles that need to be followed in the protection of personal information activities and the rules that need to be observed in the practice of personal information protection. Among them, Article 13 lists how to legally process and use personal information in an exhaustive way, that is, provides a legal basis for the processing of personal information, and also establishes the principle of informed consent as the basic principle that needs to be followed for the protection of personal information. But in fact, the interpretation of this principle is somewhat conservative and stable, and lacks some proactive elements. For example, excessive emphasis on the control of personal information, although it is not “one-size-fits-all” protection without consideration, ignores the huge benefits brought by the circulation and use of personal information. In order to put forward a relatively reasonable policy between the two, this paper suggests that China can introduce the preferential interest exemption rule. However, the precondition must be to establish a superior interest status judgment mechanism and clarify the obligations of information processors. At the same time, we should ensure that the relief channels are clear and the relief coverage is wide, and strengthen the supervision and management of the government.