社会阶层对亲环境意愿的影响——环境关注与环境问题感知的链式中介作用

The Effect of Social Class on Pro-Environmental Willingness—Serial Mediating Role of Environmental Concerns and Perceived Environmental Problems

摘要: 为探讨个体社会阶层对其亲环境意愿的影响及其心理机制，本研究基于中国综合社会调查发布的大样本数据，抽取相应指标，通过两个研究对该问题进行考察。结果表明：① 个体的主观社会阶层对其亲环境意愿具有正向预测作用；② 个体的主观社会阶层越高越关注环境问题，且感知到环境问题的严重性越高；③ 个体对环境的关注度越高，其对感知环境问题的严重性越高；④ 个体对环境越关注，感知到的问题越严重，其亲环境意愿越高；⑤ 主观社会阶层分别通过环境关注、环境问题感知两条路径间接影响个体亲环境意愿；⑥ 主观社会阶层通过环境关注度→环境问题感知对亲环境意愿产生间接影响。该结果对提高个体环保意识，进而改善生态环境具有启示意义。

Abstract: In order to explore the influence of an individual’s social class on his/her pro-environmental in-tention and its psychological mechanism, this study examines this issue through two studies based on the large-sample data released by the China General Social Survey (CGSS), with corresponding indicators extracted. The results show that: ① An individual’s subjective social class has a positive predictive effect on his/her pro-environmental willingness; ② the higher an individual’s subjective social class is, the more concerned he/she is about environmental problems, and the higher the perceived severity of environmental problems; ③ the higher an individual’s concern for the environment, the higher his/her perception of the severity of environmental problems; ④ the higher an individual’s concern for the environment and the more severe the perceived problem is, the higher his/her pro-environmental willingness is; ⑤ the subjective social class indirectly affects individual pro-environmental willingness through the two paths of environmental concern and perceived environmental problems, respectively; ⑥ subjective social class indirectly affects pro-environmental willingness through environmental concern → perceived environmental problems. The results are suggestive for improving individuals’ environmental awareness and thus improving the ecological environment.