国际贸易中的跨境数据流动自由和监管自主权问题研究

Cross-Border Data Flow Freedom and Regulatory Autonomy in International Trade

摘要: 科技的发展和国际形势的变化促使着国际贸易的形式不断突破传统。近年来互联网公司的出现，让基于跨境数据流动的国际贸易形式越来越常见，然而每个国家对跨境数据的流动都有不同的监管政策，不同国家间的监管政策冲突给跨国企业以及国际贸易带来了巨大的挑战和困扰。为了不影响国际贸易的发展，在现有贸易协定框架下协调不同的监管政策已成为了国际组织和各个国家所面临的重要问题。本文将试图分析各国跨境数据流动的相关法律和多边贸易条约及区域贸易协定下的义务框架，提出协调监管自主权和跨境数据流动自由的路径，最后对我国在国际贸易中的跨境数据流动监管和国际合作存在的缺憾提出建议。

Abstract: The development of technology and the changes in the international situation have prompted the forms of international trade to constantly break through tradition. In recent years, the emergence of internet companies has made the form of international trade based on cross-border data flow more and more common. However, each country has different regulatory policies on cross-border data flow, and the conflicts of regulatory policies among different countries have brought huge challenges and troubles to multinational enterprises and international trade. In order not to affect the development of international trade, it has become an important issue for international organizations and countries to coordinate different regulatory policies under the existing trade agreement framework. This article will try to analyze the relevant laws of cross-border data flow in various countries and the obligation framework under multilateral trade treaties and regional trade treaties, propose a path to coordinate the regulatory autonomy and the freedom of cross-border data flow, and finally put forward suggestions on the shortcomings of China’s cross-border data flow regulation and international cooperation in international trade.