³²P低剂量放射治疗可减少卵清蛋白诱发哮喘的气道嗜酸性粒细胞浸润

³²P Low-Dose Radiation Therapy Reduces Eosinophilic Infiltration of the Airways in Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma

摘要: 哮喘是一种常见的慢性炎症性气道疾病，在世界范围内造成相当大的健康负担。尽管进行了有效的药物治疗，哮喘仍继续损害大多数患者的生活质量。因此，寻求安全有效的哮喘非药物治疗方法是目前研究的科学问题之一。哮喘是一种异质性疾病，不同的病理生理机制驱动着不同表型。嗜酸性粒细胞的增加是大多数哮喘表型的标志，一般来说，其数量升高与疾病严重程度相关。嗜酸性粒细胞已成为严重嗜酸性粒细胞性哮喘和其他嗜酸性粒细胞相关疾病的主要治疗靶点。靶向嗜酸性粒细胞有效的生物治疗揭示了嗜酸性粒细胞在哮喘中出乎意料的复杂作用，在本项研究中，我们使用卵清蛋白(OVA)成功诱导了balb/c小鼠哮喘模型，评估了³²P低剂量放射治疗对哮喘小鼠气道的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润情况。为了诱发哮喘，小鼠被致敏并用OVA进行气道激发。³²P敷贴于末次激发后贴在小鼠前颈部30分钟，剂量为0.3 Gy，末次激发后24小时，我们研究了小鼠病理切片的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润及肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸性粒细胞比例。我们发现³²P低剂量放射治疗减少了嗜酸性粒细胞浸润及肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸性粒细胞比例，会缓解支气管粘膜及血管充血水肿、气道上皮脱落及支气管平滑肌增厚。这些结果表明，³²P低剂量放射治疗有效抑制了卵清蛋白诱发哮喘的气道嗜酸性粒细胞浸润，表明³²P低剂量放射治疗在治疗哮喘方面有较大潜力。

Abstract: Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease that causes a considerable health burden worldwide. Despite effective medications, asthma continues to impair the quality of life of most pa-tients. Therefore, the search for safe and effective non-drug treatment methods for asthma is one of the scientific questions currently being studied. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with different pathophysiology driving different phenotypes. An increase in eosinophils is a hallmark of most asthmatic phenotypes, and in general, an elevated number correlates with disease severity. Eosin-ophils have become the main therapeutic targets for severe eosinophilic asthma and other eosino-phil-related diseases. Effective biotherapy targeting eosinophils revealed the unexpectedly complex role of eosinophils in asthma, and in this study, we successfully induced balb/c mouse asthma mod-els using ovalbumin (OVA) to evaluate eosinophil infiltration of the airways of asthmatic mice with ³²P low-dose radiation therapy. To induce asthma, mice are sensitized and airway stimulation was used with OVA. ³²P was applied to the front neck of mice for 30 minutes after the last excitation at a dose of 0.3 Gy, and 24 hours after the last excitation, we studied the eosinophil infiltration of the pathological sections of mice and the proportion of eosinophils in alveolar lavage solution. We found that ³²P low-dose radiation therapy reduced eosinophil infiltration and the proportion of eosino-phils in alveolar lavage fluid, and relieved bronchial mucosal and vascular congestion and edema, airway epithelial sloughing, and bronchial smooth muscle thickening. These results suggest that ³²P low-dose radiotherapy effectively inhibits ovalbumin-induced eosinophil infiltration of the airway in asthma, indicating that ³²P low-dose radiotherapy has great potential in the treatment of asthma.