国际贸易对经济发展的影响

The Impact of International Trade on Economic Development

摘要: 经济发展已被证明与国际贸易密切相关。这种关系的方向可能是双重的。尽管在中国背景下有许多关于国际贸易与经济增长之间关系的研究，但从政策的角度来看，对可持续经济增长的影响以及鼓励外国部门参与国际贸易和出口扩张的经济政策的一些积极影响知之甚少；在本研究中，阐述了国际贸易与可持续经济增长之间的关系。从长期来看，中国的经济发展和国际贸易是密不可分的，国际贸易中出口促进了经济的发展，出口在长期内加速了进口能力的提高。另外，国际贸易中出口导向政策对经济发展的正向影响具有统计学意义，考虑到出口导向型增长政策对经济增长的贡献，政策制定者应继续实施出口导向型增长政策；另外，这种策略也给一个国家带来外部冲击，因此，关于国际贸易中出口导向型增长政策，政策制定者需要多加考虑。

Abstract: Economic development has proved to be closely related to international trade. The direction of this relationship may be twofold. Although there is much research on the relationship between international trade and economic growth in the Chinese context, from a policy perspective, little is known about the effects of sustainable economic growth and some of the positive effects of economic policies that encourage foreign sector participation in international trade and export expansion. In this study, the relationship between international trade and sustainable economic growth is discussed. In the long run, China’s economic development and international trade are inseparable. Exports in international trade promote economic development, and exports accelerate the improvement of import capacity in the long run. In addition, the positive impact of export-oriented policies on economic development in international trade is statistically significant. Considering the contribution of export-oriented growth policies to economic growth, policy makers should continue to implement export-oriented growth policies. Moreover, this strategy also brings external shocks to a country, so policymakers need to think more about export-led growth in international trade.