基于Fluent的洗扫车扇形喷嘴的分析与优化

Analysis and Optimization of Fan Shaped Nozzles for Washing and Sweeping Vehicles Based on Fluent

摘要: 扇形喷嘴是该车工作时的核心元件，其性能的优劣直接影响洗扫车的清洗效率。本文以打击力和水流量为优化目标，基于Fluent数值分析软件，建立扇形喷嘴的三维数学模型，研究V型切槽角度，V型切槽偏移量，出口段长径比，入口压力的影响规律，采用正交实验法对某专用车所生产的系列洗扫车水力系统的某型号扇形喷嘴的V型切槽角度、V型切槽偏移量、出口段长径比和入口压力这四个结构参数进行了多目标优化设计，运用综合平衡的方法解决了优化目标相互矛盾的问题。通过Fluent模拟分析，建议V形切槽半角应选取45˚，V形切槽偏移量0 mm，出口段长径比为4，入口压力为7.5 MPa。

Abstract: The fan-shaped nozzle is the core component of the vehicle during operation, and its performance directly affects the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning and sweeping vehicle. This article aims to op-timize the impact force and water flow rate. Based on Fluent numerical analysis software, a three-dimensional mathematical model of the sector nozzle is established, and the influence law of V-shaped grooving angle, V-grooving offset, outlet length-diameter ratio and inlet pressure is stud-ied, and the orthogonal experimental method is used to carry out a multi-objective optimization de-sign for the V-shaped grooving angle, V-shaped grooving offset, outlet section length-diameter ratio and inlet pressure of a certain model of sector-shaped nozzle of a series of washing and sweeping truck hydraulic systems produced by a special vehicle. The comprehensive and balanced approach is used to solve the problem of contradictory optimization goals. Through Fluent simulation analysis, it is suggested that the half-angle of the V-shaped groove should be selected at 45˚, the V-shaped groove offset should be 0 mm, the length-diameter ratio of the outlet section should be 4, and the inlet pressure should be 7.5 MPa.