贵阳机场近十年低云天气统计和分析

Statistics and Analysis of Low Cloud Weather at Guiyang Airport in Recent Ten Years

摘要: 利用贵阳机场2012~2022年月总簿、人工观测等资料，对贵阳机场近十年百米及以下低云的气候和要素特征以及低云过程的时间特征进行统计和分析，得出以下主要结论：全年有1/3的概率会出现百米及以下低云，冬季最容易出现，夏季则出现少，春秋两季的低云特征相似度高。在月变化特征上表现为，1月是出现百米及以下低云的高频月份。出现低云日时温度和温度露点差在逐年季节变化上主要为负距平，相对湿度主要在[100%, 75%)之间，风向常在北东和东北东两个方向，风速为2~3 m/s；百米及以下低云过程通常开始于午夜及凌晨，消散于日出之后，最常出现1个小时左右，常伴随稳定性降水和轻雾。

Abstract: Based on the monthly book data and manual observation data of Guiyang Airport from 2012 to 2022, the climate and element characteristics of low clouds below 100 meters at Guiyang Airport in recent ten years and the time characteristics of low cloud processes were statistically analyzed. The main conclusions were drawn as follows: There is a 1/3 probability of low clouds below 100 meters throughout the year, which are most likely to appear in winter, but less in summer, and the characteristics of low clouds in spring and autumn are highly similar. In terms of monthly variation char-acteristics, January is a high-frequency month with low clouds below 100 meters. The temperature and dew-point difference of low cloud days are mainly negative anomaly in seasonal variation, and the relative humidity is mainly between [100%, 75%). The wind direction is usually northeast and east-north-east, and the wind speed is 2~3 m/s. The low cloud process usually begins in the mid-night and early morning, and dissipates after sunrise, most often for about an hour, often accompanied by steady precipitation and light fog.