不同特质正念者情绪复杂性及调节方式的差异：基于日记法研究

Differences in Emotional Complexity and Regulation of Mindfulness with Different Characteristics: Research Based on Diary Method

摘要: 目的：考察不同特质正念者情绪复杂性、情绪调节方式的差异。方法：使用五因素特质正念问卷将178名被试划分为高、中、低特质正念者，采用积极情绪消极情绪量表、情绪调节量表依据日记法考察不同组别被试情绪复杂性及调节方式的差异。结果：1) 高分组在消极情绪的强度、细腻度、频率、广度上均显著低于中、低分组(F(2, 175) = 4.02, p < 0.05, Cohen’s f = 0.33; F(2, 175) = 4.96, p < 0.01, f = 0.40; F(2, 175) = 4.67, p < 0.05, f = 0.32; F(2, 175) = 5.48, p < 0.01, f = 0.38)；2) 高分组在混合情绪上显著低于中、低分组，在情绪积极比上显著高于中、低分组(F(2, 175) = 3.04, p < 0.05, f = 0.30; F(2, 175) = 4.03, p < 0.05, f = 0.38)；3) 在消极情绪的调节中，高分组比中、低分组更多运用忽视策略(p < 0.05，p < 0.01)，而低分组比高、中分组更多运用重视策略(p < 0.01, p < 0.01)和宣泄策略(p < 0.05, p < 0.05)。结论：日常情境下，特质正念与个体的消极情绪复杂性、消极情绪调节方式密切相关。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the differences of emotional complexity and emotional regulation among people with high, middle and low mindfulness levels. Methods: 178 subjects were divided into high, medium and low mindfulness levels by using the five-factor trait mindfulness questionnaire, and the differences of emotion complexity and regulation modes among different groups were investigated by using the positive emotion negative emotion scale and emotion regulation scale according to the diary method. Results: 1) The intensity, fineness, frequency and breadth of negative emotion in the high group were significantly lower than those in the middle and low group (F (2175) = 4.02, p < 0.05, Cohen’s f = 0.33; F(2, 175) = 4.96, p < 0.01, f = 0.40; F(2, 175) = 4.67, p < 0.05, f = 0.32; F(2, 175) = 5.48, p < 0.01, f = 0.38); 2) The mixed emotion of the high group was significantly lower than that of the middle and low groups, and the positive emotion ratio was significantly higher than that of the middle and low groups (F(2, 175) = 3.04, p < 0.05, f = 0.30; F(2, 175) = 4.03, p < 0.05, f = 0.38); 3) In the regulation of negative emotions, the high group used more neglect strategies than the middle and low groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), while the low group used more attention strategies (p < 0.01, p < 0.01) and catharsis strategies (p < 0.05, p < 0.05) than the high and middle groups. Conclusion: In daily situations, mindfulness is closely related to the complexity of individual negative emotion and the way of negative emotion regulation.