基于CLHLS的城乡老年人社区养老服务需求及影响因素研究

Research on the Needs and Influencing Factors of Community Aged Care Service for Urban and Rural Elderly Based on CLHLS

摘要: 为实现政府合理配置城乡老年人的养老资源，为城乡老年人舒适养老质量提供参考借鉴。通过使用2018年中国老人健康长寿影响因素追踪调查数据(CLHLS)，按照一定筛选规则，筛选摘取部分变量及数据观测老年人的个人特征、身心健康状况以及社会经济等，从多个层面分析，以探索影响老年人社区养老服务需求的条件，使用Excel进行数据筛选，借助Stata软件分析工具，通过 检验分析城乡老年人社区养老服务需求在性别、年龄上是否存在差异，并使用Logistic分析方法，探究影响城乡老年人社区养老服务需求的条件。分析发现城乡老年人对于其所在社区提供养老服务方面的需求程度存在一定差异，经卡方检验，性别对城市老年人的精神文化需求有显著影响。分析发现个体特征因素、家庭结构因素、身体健康情况、社会经济水平等方面对城乡老年人社区养老服务方面的需求具有显著性影响。

Abstract: In order to realize the government’s reasonable allocation of elderly care resources in urban and rural areas, it provides a reference for the comfortable quality of elderly care in urban and rural areas. By using the 2018 Chinese Elderly Health and Longevity Factors Tracking Survey data (CLHLS), in accordance with certain screening rules, some variables and data were selected to observe the personal characteristics, physical and mental health status and social economy of the elderly, etc., and analyzed from multiple aspects to explore the conditions that affect the needs of community elderly care services. Excel was used for data screening, Stata software analysis tool was used to test and analyze whether there were differences in gender and age in community elderly service needs of urban and rural elderly, and Logistic analysis method was used to explore the conditions affecting the community elderly service needs of urban and rural elderly. The analysis found that there are some differences in the degree of demand of urban and rural elderly people for the elderly services provided by their communities. According to the Chisquare test, gender has a significant impact on the spiritual and cultural needs of urban elderly people. It is found that individual characteristics, family structure, physical health, social and economic level have a significant impact on the needs of urban and rural elderly community care services.