中老年人群发生结直肠息肉相关危险因素分析

Risk Factors for Colorectal Polyps in Middle-Aged and Elderly People

摘要: 结直肠息肉是肠道黏膜上所有隆起性病变的总称，从肠粘膜表面突出到肠腔的息肉状病变。可累及整个消化道，其中以结肠和直肠息肉为最多，包括腺瘤性息肉(管状腺瘤、管状绒毛状腺瘤)及非腺瘤性息肉(如增生性息肉、炎性息肉等)，小肠息肉比较少。其中结直肠腺瘤性息肉为结直肠癌的重要癌前病变。近年来，随着不健康的生活习惯及不合理饮食习惯的形成，结直肠息肉(Colorectal Polyps, CRP)发生率逐年升高，尤其中老年人群发病率居高不下，随着人口老龄化进展，将无疑对家庭及社会造成较大经济负担和压力。基于现有研究对中老年人群CRP发病的危险因素进行归纳总结，明确其发病的原因，对降低结直肠癌的发生率具有重要意义。

Abstract: Colorectal polyps are a general term for all raised lesions on the intestinal mucosa, polyp-like lesions that protrude from the surface of the intestinal mucosa to the intestinal lumen. It can affect the entire digestive tract, of which colon and rectal polyps are the most, including adenomatous polyps (tubular adenoma, tubular villous adenoma) and non-adenomatous polyps (such as hyperplastic polyps, inflammatory polyps, etc.), and small intestinal polyps are relatively rare. Among them, colorectal adenomatous polyps are important precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer. In recent years, with the formation of unhealthy living habits and unreasonable eating habits, the incidence of colorectal polyps (CRP) has increased year by year, especially the incidence of middle- aged and elderly people remains high, with the progress of population aging, it will undoubtedly cause greater economic burden and pressure on families and society. Based on the existing research, it is of great significance to summarize the risk factors for the incidence of CRP in middle-aged and elderly people and clarify the causes of its occurrence, in order to reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer.