南疆海岛棉新品系主要性状差异分析

Analysis of Main Traits Difference of New Lines of Sea Island Cotton in South Xinjiang

摘要: 南疆棉区是国内主要的海岛棉产区。本试验以新选育的海岛棉新品系主要农艺性状及经济性状进行初步调查分析，以期为海岛棉新品种区域化及品种审定提供参考依据。参试材料为南疆不同育种单位参试的14个海岛棉新品系的产量、纤维品质、早熟性和农艺性状等调查分析。从生育期来看，各品系均适合喀什岳普湖等地种植，且生育期差异较小；各品系农艺性状指标，在株高、单株结铃数和果节数等主要指标上以新长205、元龙37号均优于其他品系。新长205的籽棉产量和皮棉产量分别为6351 kg/hm2和2068.5 kg/hm2，分别位于参试品系的第1位；新长398的籽棉产量和皮棉产量分别为6295.5 kg/hm2和2028 kg/hm2，分别位于参试品系的第2位、第3位。塔河107的纤维上半部平均长度最好42.3 mm，纤维上半部平均长度为分别位于第1位，新长398，元龙37号第二位，纤维长度均为为41.7 mm,新长205第三位。鲁泰C1801等10个品系马克隆值在3.7~4.2之间达到A级标准。总之鲁泰C1801和元龙37号在本试验参试品系中特征特性表现优异，理论产量及纤维品质优良，且各项指标均优于CK，具有进一步试验示范推广价值。

Abstract: The cotton region of southern Xinjiang is the only long staple cotton (sea island cotton) producing area in China. The main agronomic and economic characters of the newly bred sea island cotton lines were investigated and analyzed in this experiment, in order to provide reference for the re-gionalization and variety approval of new varieties of sea island cotton the experimental materials were the yield, fiber quality, early maturity and agronomic traits of 8 strains tested by different breeding units in southern Xinjiang. In terms of growth period, all strains were suitable for planting in Yuepu Lake, and there was little difference in growth period. In terms of agronomic traits, Xin-chang 205 and Yuanlong 37 were superior to other strains in plant height, number of bolls per plant and number of fruit nodes. The seed cotton yield and lint yield of Xinchang 205 were 6351 kg/hm2 and 2068.5 kg/hm2, respectively, ranking first in the test strains. The seed cotton yield and lint yield of Xinchang 398 were 6295 kg/hm2 and 2028 kg/hm2, respectively, ranking second and third in the test strain. The average length of the upper part of the fiber of Tahe 107 is the best at 42.3 mm, and the average length of the upper part of the fiber is the first place respectively, the new length is 398, the second place is Yuanlong 37, the fiber length is 41.7 mm, and the new length is 205. Ten strains, including Rutai C1801, reached the Grade A standard with Micronron values between 3.7 and 4.2. In short, Lutai C1801 and Yuanlong 37 have excellent characteristics, excellent theoretical yield and fiber quality, and all indexes are better than CK, which has further test demonstration value.