抗血管生成药物的研究现状及心血管不良反应

The Research Status and Cardiovascular Ad-verse Reactions of Antiangiogenic Drugs

摘要: 抗血管生成药物在抗癌治疗中占有至关重要的地位，其通过抑制内皮细胞中的血管内皮生长因子信号转导通路阻止肿瘤血管生长和分化，使癌细胞无法获取营养从而达到抑制肿瘤的目的。然而，随着此类药物在抗癌治疗中的广泛应用，产生了一系列不良反应，其中最重要的为心血管不良反应，包括高血压、冠状动脉疾病、心律失常、心力衰竭、外周动脉疾病、瓣膜病和心包疾病等。不良反应发生率主要取决于药物类型、药物剂量、恶性肿瘤类型、心血管基础疾病和伴随疗法。

Abstract: Antiangiogenic drugs play a crucial role in the treatment of cancer by inhibiting vascular endotheli-al growth factor signal transduction pathways in endothelial cells and preventing tumor vessel growth and differentiation. So cancer cells cannot access nutrients to achieve the goal of tumor sup-pression. However, with the wide application of these drugs in anti-cancer therapy, a series of ad-verse reactions have occurred. The most important is cardiovascular disease, including hyperten-sion, coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, valvular disease and pericardial disease. The incidence of the adverse reactions mainly depends on the type of drug, dosage, the type of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and concomitant therapy.