企业间心理契约研究综述与展望

Review and Prospect of Psychological Contract between Enterprises

摘要: 在全球经济竞争激烈的市场背景下，企业间关系多有冲突和龃龉，如何解决和构建长期和谐关系？理论界试图引入心理契约以求破题，但这究竟是企业间关系研究的分析范式革命，还是概念游戏？本文旨在对国内外企业间心理契约文献进行回顾和评述，并进而回答以上命题。通过阐释企业间心理契约的理论基础——互惠理论、公平理论和期望理论，发现企业间心理契约铺垫、实现和保障机制。在企业间心理契约概念界定、结构维度类型及测量、心理契约违背实证研究述评的基础上，归纳出心理契约的本质是企业间合作关系的心理博弈。企业间心理契约的研究有利于揭开企业合作关系的“黑箱”，对提升企业间合作关系质量大有裨益。在此基础上，本文针对企业间心理契约研究的不足之处提出未来研究展望。

Abstract: In the context of fierce global economic competition, there are many conflicts and disagreements among enterprises. How to solve and build a long-term harmonious relationship? The theoretical circle tries to introduce psychological contract in order to break the problem, but is it a revolution of analysis paradigm in the study of inter-firm relationship or a conceptual game? The purpose of this paper is to review and comment the literature on psychological contract between enterprises at home and abroad, and then answer the above questions. By explaining the theoretical basis of inter-firm psychological contract—reciprocity theory, fairness theory and expectation theory, the paper finds the foundation, realization and guarantee mechanism of inter-firm psychological contract. On the basis of the definition of inter-firm psychological contract, the type and measurement of its structure dimension, and the empirical research on the breach of psychological contract, it is concluded that the essence of psychological contract is the psychological game of inter-firm cooperation. The research of inter-firm psychological contract is helpful to uncover the “black box” of inter-firm cooperative relationship and improve the quality of inter-firm cooperative relationship. On this basis, this paper puts forward the prospect of future research in view of the shortcomings of the research on inter-firm psychological contract.