马克思和弗洛姆异化批判理论的比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Critical Theory of Alienation between Marx and Fromm

摘要: 人的异化问题是国外马克思主义研究中一个历久弥新的议题。弗洛姆接过了马克思社会批判的旗帜，以独特的人本主义心理学视角丰富和发展了马克思的异化理论，为我们洞悉资本主义社会全面异化现象提供了良好的借鉴意义。但是，他的异化批判理论在给人启迪的同时，其理论的空想性也广遭诟病。为此，通过回到马克思的异化批判理论，来探析二者的区别与联系。进而以合理借鉴的方式吸收异化批判理论的独特价值，致力于服务于社会主义社会的现代化建设。

Abstract: The problem of human alienation is a perennial topic in Marxist studies abroad. Fromm took up the banner of Marxist social criticism and enriched and developed Marx’s theory of alienation from a unique humanistic psychological perspective, providing valuable insights into the comprehensive phenomenon of alienation in capitalist society. However, while his theory of alienation critique has been enlightening, its theoretical idealism has also been widely criticized. Therefore, by returning to Marx’s theory of alienation critique, we can explore the differences and connections between the two. We can then absorb the unique value of the theory of alienation critique in a reasonable and constructive way, and devote ourselves to serving the modernization construction of a socialist society.