中国化学奥林匹克竞赛中关于亲核取代反应的试题分析

Analysis and Research on “Nucleophilic Sub-stitution Reaction” Test Questions in Chinese Chemistry Olympiad Examination

摘要: 中国化学奥林匹克竞赛(以下简称化学竞赛)是中国化学会为普通高中生举办的竞赛活动，化学竞赛促进了中国化学教育。本研究采用统计法、分类归纳法对近年化学竞赛中关于亲核取代的试题进行整理，发现：亲核取代知识虽有单独出题，但多数融入其他考题之中；题目的情境不仅来源于大学教材，也取材于期刊论文中的科技前沿知识。亲核取代反应几乎是每年的必考内容，考查比例逐年增高，考查难度逐年增大。笔者建议教师在日常教学中不仅要要求学生掌握坚实的知识基础，规范书写，还要鼓励广泛阅读期刊杂志。

Abstract: The Chinese Chemistry Olympiad (hereinafter referred to as the chemistry competition) is a compe-tition organized by Chinese Chemical Society for ordinary high school students. The Chemistry Olympiad has promoted chemistry education in China. Statistics and classified induction were used to sort out the examination questions about nucleophilic substitution reaction. It was found that most of the nucleophilic substitution knowledge was integrated into other examination questions, and there were also separate questions. The knowledge background of the examination questions is not only derived from university textbooks, but also from scientific and technological frontier knowledge in journal articles. The nucleophilic substitution reaction was almost an annual compulsory examination. The proportion of examination questions increased and the difficulty of examination enhanced year by year. It is suggested that competition teachers should not only require stu-dents to master solid basic knowledge and standardize their writing, but also encourage them to read periodicals widely.