母亲孕期营养素补充与母婴不良结局的相关研究进展

Research Progress on Maternal Nutrient Supplementation and Adverse Maternal and Infant Outcomes during Pregnancy

摘要: 新生儿不良出生结局包括非足月产(指孕周 > 28周且 < 37周)或过期产(孕周 > 42周)、低出生体重(出生体重 < 2500 g)、巨大儿(出生体重 ≥ 4000 g)等，研究发现母亲妊娠期并发症与新生儿不良出生结局重要危险因素，孕期营养摄入不仅关系母体自身健康，还与胎儿的生长发育及其成年后慢性疾病的风险密切相关，孕期健康指导对降低孕期母亲妊娠并发症与新生儿不良结局的发生是至关重要的，本文就孕期相关营养素补充对预防和改善母婴妊娠期并发症的相关研究进展进行综述。

Abstract: Adverse neonatal birth outcomes include non-term delivery (meaning gestational age > 28 weeks and < 37 weeks) or overdue delivery (gestational age > 42 weeks), low birth weight (birth weight < 2500 g), macrosomia (birth weight ≥ 4000 g), etc. The study found important risk factors for ma-ternal pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal birth outcomes, nutrition intake during pregnancy is not only related to the mother’s own health, but also closely related to the growth and development of the fetus and the risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. Health guidance during pregnancy is crucial to reduce the occurrence of pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal outcomes for pregnant mothers. This article reviews the research progress of pregnancy-related nutrient supplementation in preventing and improving maternal and infant pregnancy complica-tions.