《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的劳动异化及其现实意义

Labor Alienation and Its Realistic Significance in the “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844”

摘要: 马克思曾经在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中提出一个著名的理论——劳动异化理论，该理论是本著作中的重要组成部分，当然，这一理论在马克思主义发展史上也占有重要的哲学地位。在该著作中，“异化”一词最能体现《手稿》整体特征的概念。“劳动异化”理论主要包括四个规定，即劳动者同劳动产品相异化，劳动者同劳动过程自身的相异化，人同自己的类本质相异化，人同人之间的异化关系。在马克思的著作当中，经常能够看到“异化”概念的出现，研究马克思劳动异化的概念，并学习它的时代价值，对于深入研究马克思主义哲学，科学认识劳动异化等具有至关重要的价值和意义。

Abstract: Marx once proposed a famous theory in the “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844” —the theory of labor alienation, which is an important component of this work. Of course, this theory also holds an important philosophical position in the development history of Marxism. In this work, the term “alienation” best reflects the concept of the overall characteristics of the manuscript. The theory of “labor alienation” mainly includes four provisions, namely, the differentiation of workers from labor products, the differentiation of workers from the labor process itself, the differentiation of individuals from their own class essence, and the alienation relationship between individuals. In Marx's works, the concept of “alienation” often appears. Studying Marx’s concept of labor alienation and learning its contemporary value is of crucial value and significance for in-depth research on Marxist philosophy and scientific understanding of labor alienation.