马克思对黑格尔市民社会理论的批判与超越

Marx’s Critique and Transcendence of Hegel’s Theory of Civil Society

摘要: 黑格尔可以说是现代意义上发展“市民社会”理论的第一人，他在传统的市民社会理论基础上进行分析，最终将市民社会与国家作了明确区分。马克思也花费了大量的时间和精力对市民社会进行了批判、研究，并在批判中，完成了对这一理论的扬弃，更是体现出对未来社会的建构，逐渐超越了黑格尔，形成了具有唯物主义辩证法的市民社会理论。重新审视马克思的市民社会理论，有助于深化对国家和社会之间关系的理解，对于我们进一步推进社会建设，具有重大的实践价值。

Abstract: As the first person in civil society theory in the modern sense, Hegel clearly separated civil society from the state through the analysis of traditional civil society theory, and this was fully developed and embodied in his “Principles of Legal Philosophy.” Through his critical inheritance of Hegel’s theory of civil society, Marx gradually surpassed Hegel and formed a theory of civil society with materialist dialectics. Revisiting Marx’s theory of civil society and deepening our understanding of the relationship between the state and society is of great practical significance for guiding us to further strengthen social construction.