农村公共物品的供给困境与对策——以C市D村为例

The Supply Dilemma and Countermeasures of Rural Public Goods—A Case Study of D Village in C City

摘要: 农村公共物品供给是乡村治理的重要组成部分，对于农村现代化发展具有重要意义。重庆作为全国农村人口最多的直辖市，其农村公共物品供给状况是对乡村治理水平的检验，为响应乡村振兴战略，助力城市和乡村达到均衡发展，对重庆市的农村公共物品供给现状进行研究是十分必要的。本文以2018年底脱贫的C市D村为案例区，采取了问卷调查和访谈的形式展开调研，考察了D村五类农村公共物品项目的供给成果，并就村民对公共物品的满意度进行了分析。基于对D村供给现状的实地考察，本文认为农村公共物品供给还存在着以下四种困境：提供的总量不够、公共物品供给与村民需求脱节、在提供和使用时存在资源浪费现象、非政府主体参与少。为了破解农村公共物品供给困境，本文针对性地提出了四项解决措施：一是加大农村公共物品供给的投入力度；二是重视村民的需求表达机制；三是健全公共物品的监管和维护机制；四是构建合作提供的模式。

Abstract: The supply of rural public goods is an important part of rural governance, which is of great significance to the development of county. Chongqing has many rural populations and the supply condition of rural public goods is a test for rural governance level. Making a survey on the situation of Chongqing rural public goods provision is necessary, because of its practical value for rural development. This paper considers village D, getting rid of poverty by the end of 2018, as a case area. By the method of questionnaire, it investigates the supply results of village D in five rural public goods projects, and then analyzes the satisfaction of villagers to public goods. Based on the survey data, this thesis presents four difficulties as follows. Above all, the total supply is insufficient. Secondly, the relationship between public service and villager’s demand is out-off-balance. Besides, the provision method is inefficient. Then, the other supply objects don’t take part in the supply course. To deal with these matters, there are four methods in my opinion. First and foremost, strength the financial input in the public service provision. What’s more, pay attention to the demand expression mechanism of villagers. Third, improve the supervision and maintenance mechanism of public goods. Last, perfect the cooperation to realize the optimal.