论司法裁判中的价值不可通约性

The Incommensurability of Values in Judicial Decision-Making

摘要: 司法裁判中不可避免地会进行价值权衡，但价值权衡会面临价值不可通约的困境。从权衡的可能性上来看，价值的不可通约性或许并不具有不可比较主义者归之于其的重要性。价值不可通约但可以进行粗略的比较，而可比较足以为价值权衡提供合理的逻辑前提。价值不可通约性在司法裁判领域所带来的真正难题一方面在于过程层面理性权衡的可能性遭到质疑，另一方面在于结果层面裁判结果的可接受性难以保证。重视法官裁判说理是难题唯一的求解路径，只有把理性权衡的过程纳入说理，才有可能使对立双方接受最终的裁判结果。

Abstract: Value weighing is inevitable in judicial decision-making, but it can face the dilemma of incommensurability of values. From the perspective of weighing possibilities, the incommensurability of values may not have the importance attributed to it by the incomparativists. Although values are not comparable, they can be roughly compared, and the comparison can provide reasonable logical premises for value weighing. The real difficulties brought by the incommensurability of values in the field of judicial decision-making lie in the fact that the possibility of rational weighing at the process level is questioned, and the acceptability of the judgment results at the outcome level is difficult to guarantee. Emphasizing the reasoning of judges' judgments is the only solution to the problem, and only by incorporating the process of rational weighing into the reasoning can it be possible for the opposing parties to accept the final judgment result.