文本与数据挖掘著作权合理使用分析及其认定

Copyright Fair Use Analysis and Determination of Text and Data Mining

摘要: 文本与数据挖掘技术的产生既是大数据时代资源利用的新机遇，又是我国著作权体系面临的新挑战。目前，允许并支持这种形式的研究以促进科技创新是世界的主流趋势，但我国《著作权法》并未明确其合法性，相关机构开展文本与数据挖掘研究的各阶段仍面临较大的侵权风险。结合文本与数据挖掘的技术特点，以及我国著作权体系下合理使用的认定标准，将其认定为合理使用具有理论依据及现实意义。由于构建开放式“合理使用”条款不符合我国司法实践，在我国刚完成第三次《著作权法》修订的背景下，应当考虑在《著作权法实施条例》中增设文本与数据挖掘例外，允许出于科学研究目的，对合法获取的作品进行文本与数据挖掘，以回应数字时代对作品利用的现实需求，更好地实现《著作权法》的立法目标。

Abstract: The emergence of text and data mining technology is both a new opportunity for resource utilization in the era of big data, and a new challenge that our copyright system needs to face. At present, it is the mainstream trend in the world to allow and support this form of research to promote scientific and technological innovation, but China’s Copyright Law does not clarify its legitimacy, and the relevant organizations are still facing a greater risk of infringement in the various stages of carrying out text and data mining research. Combined with the technical characteristics of text and data mining, as well as the criteria of fair use under China’s copyright system, recognizing it as fair use has theoretical basis and practical significance. Since the construction of open-ended “fair use” provisions is not in line with China’s judicial practice, in the context of China’s third revision of the Copyright Law, consideration should be given to the addition of text and data mining exceptions to the Implementing Regulations of the Copyright Law, which allow text and data mining of legally obtained works for scientific research purposes, in order to respond to the realistic demand for the utilization of works in the digital era and better realize the legislative goal of the Copyright Law.