「テヤル」句式译为“给”字句的条件

Conditions for Translating “Teyaru” Sentence Patterns into “Gei” Sentence Patterns

摘要: 本文针对前人研究中关于日语的「テヤル」句式和汉语中的“给”字句对比中的问题点，通过中日对译语料库的实例分析，从句法和语义的角度对「テヤル」句式和“给”字句的日汉翻译对应条件进行归纳。得出结论是：① 「テヤル」决定的“给予”义的情况下必须译为“给”字句；② 表达“动作受影响者的具体所有物变化及抽象所有物消失”的「テヤル」句式，必须译为“给”字句；③ 由「テヤル」的前接动词语义决定的“给予”义可以但不是必须译为“给”字句。由此制定出「テヤル」句式译为“给”字句的翻译流程图。

Abstract: Based on previous research on the comparison between the Japanese “Teyaru” sentence pattern and the Chinese “Gei” sentence pattern, the study examined and analyzed the “Teyaru” sentence pattern as well as summarized the corresponding conditions of the Japanese-Chinese translations about “Teyaru” sentence patterns and “Gei” sentence patterns from the perspective of syntax and semantics by using the case analysis of the Chinese-Japanese translation corpus. The findings in-clude: ① The meanings of “Gei” determined by “Teyaru” must be translated into a sentence pattern of “Gei”; ② The “Teyaru” sentence pattern expressing “the change of the concrete property of the person affected by the action and the disappearance of the abstract property” must be translated into the sentence pattern of “give”; ③ The meaning of “Gei” determined by the meaning of the pre-ceding verb of “Teyaru” can but not necessarily be translated into the sentence pattern of “Gei”. From this, a flowchart for the translation of the sentence pattern “Teyaru” into “Gei” sentence pat-tern was drawn up.