三峡地区导线覆冰时空分布规律的研究

A Study on the Temporal and Spatial Distribution Law of Ice Cover on Conductors in Sanxia

摘要: 本文根据三峡观冰站和三峡区域气象站的气象资料，分析了三峡地区覆冰的时间和空间分布规律。研究表明，年度冰重最大覆冰过程出现在冬半年的12月~次年的2月，年度最长持续时间覆冰过程出现在冬半年的12月~次年的2月，海拔较高的地带可能出现在3、4月但比较稀少；多年平均积冰日数2 d和多年最长连续覆冰时数100 h及以上的气象站，其附近具有中小尺度覆冰地形特征的地段必须予以高度关注；区域内覆冰冰重随海拔的增加而增大；海拔相当的地段长江南岸的覆冰冰重比北岸的大，东部的冰重比西部的大；南岸南北向冰重和标准冰厚比东西向的大，北岸东西向冰重和标准冰厚比南北向的大；微地形地物对雨凇架覆冰量的影响十分显著。

Abstract: This paper analyses the laws of space-time distribution of ice accretion basing on the data of Sanxia icing observation station and meteorological observing stations in Sanxia. Research has shown that the maximum annual ice weight icing process occurs from December of the winter half year to February of the following year, and the longest annual duration of icing process occurs from December of the winter half year to February of the following year. Areas with higher altitudes may occur in March and April but are relatively rare; meteorological stations with an average number of years of ice accumulation days of 2 d and the longest continuous ice cover time of 100 h or more must pay high attention to areas near them that have small and medium-sized ice cover terrain characteristics; the weight of ice cover in the area increases with the increase of altitude; the weight of ice cover on the southern bank of the Yangtze River is greater than that on the northern bank in areas with similar elevations, while the weight of ice cover on the eastern bank is greater than that on the western bank; the weight and standard ice thickness in the north-south direction on the south bank are greater than those in the eastwest direction, while the weight and standard ice thickness in the eastwest direction on the north bank are greater than those in the north-south direction; the im-pact of microtopography and features on the ice cover of rime frame is very significant.