“目的论”与“功能对等论”对术语翻译指导作用的对比考察

A Comparative Examination of the Role of “Purpose Theory” and “Functional Equivalence Theory” in Guiding Terminology Translation

摘要: 翻译理论是否能够指导翻译实践，译者又应该如何选择翻译理论指导自身翻译理论，一直是翻译界讨论的焦点，也是初学翻译理论的学习者在思考的问题。本文以术语翻译为切入点，基于“目的论”与“功能对等论”的比较，考察了两个翻译理论对术语翻译的指导作用。通过对两个翻译理论的比较及对术语翻译指导作用的考察，认为在翻译自然科学术语时，可以侧重选用“功能对等论”作为指导，翻译人文社会科学术语时，可以侧重选用“目的论”作为指导。希望众多译者可以在“目的论”与“功能对等论”的指导下更好地进行术语翻译相关的翻译活动。本文也存在不足之处，如“目的论”对自然科学术语翻译的指导作用、“功能对等论”对人文社会科学术语翻译的指导作用等方面的研究还不够充分，值得通过数据进一步探讨。

Abstract: Whether translation theory can guide translation practice, and how translators should choose translation theory to guide their own translation theory have been the focus of discussion in the translation field, as well as a question for beginner learners of translation theory. Taking terminol-ogy translation as an entry point, this paper examines the guiding effect of the two translation theo-ries on terminology translation based on the comparison of “Purpose Theory” and “Functional Equivalence Theory”. Through the comparison of the two translation theories and their guiding ef-fect on terminology translation, it is concluded that “functional equivalence” can be used as a guide for translating natural science terminology, and “purpose theory” can be used as a guide for trans-lating humanities and social science terminology. The conclusion is that “functional equivalence” can be used as a guide in translating natural science terms and “purpose theory” in translating hu-manities and social science terms. It is hoped that many translators can better carry out translation activities related to terminology translation under the guidance of “Purpose Theory” and “Function-al Equivalence Theory”. There are also shortcomings in this paper, such as the guiding role of “Pur-pose Theory” in natural science terminology translation and “Functional Equivalence Theory” in humanities and social science terminology translation, which are not sufficiently researched and deserve to be further explored through data.