周围神经损伤后再生机制及血管化作用的研究

Study on the Mechanism of Regeneration and Vascularization after Peripheral Nerve Injury

摘要: 周围神经损伤是一个主要的临床和公共卫生问题，通常会导致严重的功能障碍和永久性残疾。尽管有现代诊断程序和先进的显微外科技术，但周围神经修复后的功能恢复往往不能令人满意。因此，对新的治疗或辅助策略以促进神经损伤患者的功能恢复的需求尚未得到满足。与中枢神经损伤不同的是，周围神经系统具有一定的再生能力。损伤后神经元mRNA转录谱发生改变，通过这些变化支持轴突再生和神经元存活，恢复部分功能。此前有研究表明，血管系统通过向组成神经组织的细胞提供血液、氧气和其他营养物质，在支持损伤后神经再生方面至关重要。而周围神经损伤后血管生成的具体分子调控和模式是一个广泛复杂的途径。本文主要对周围神经损伤后再生的机制、血管化在神经再生中的作用及促血管化的策略进行综述。

Abstract: Traumatic peripheral nerve injury represents a major clinical and public health problem that often leads to significant functional impairment and permanent disability. Despite modern diagnostic procedures and advanced microsurgical techniques, functional recovery after peripheral nerve re-pair is often unsatisfactory. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new therapeutic or adjunctive strategies to promote the functional recovery in nerve injury patients. Different from the central nervous system injury, the peripheral nervous system has a certain ability of regeneration. After injury, the mRNA transcription spectrum of neurons changed, through these changes to support axon regeneration and neuronal survival, and restore part of the function. Previous studies have shown that the vascular system plays an important role in supporting nerve regeneration after in-jury by providing blood, oxygen and other nutrients to the cells that make up nerve tissue. The spe-cific molecular regulation and mode of angiogenesis after peripheral nerve injury is an extensive and complex pathway. This article mainly reviews the mechanism of peripheral nerve regeneration, the role of vascularization in nerve regeneration and the strategies of promoting vascularization.