地方政府消费券领域行政垄断问题探究

Exploration of Administrative Monopoly in the Field of Local Government Consumption Vouchers

摘要: 政府消费券作为财政补贴的一种，体现了公权力的参与，目的是刺激低迷的消费市场，扩大内需，提振经济。各地发放政府消费券取得了显著的成效，但是在发放和使用过程中出现了行政垄断问题，包含消费券的发放存在地方政府不正当竞争，产生地方保护和市场壁垒的可能；发放平台的选择易产生垄断；合约商户的选择易产生不公平的竞争。对此，应对政府消费券政策产生的行政垄断问题进行“事前”和“事后”的法律规制，通过构建消费券法律规范体系、推进对政府消费券政策的公平竞争审查以及提高《反垄断法》地位，加强反垄断执法机构权力等方式规制其中涉及的行政垄断问题，以此创造良好的政府消费券发放环境，最大化发挥其应有的功能。

Abstract: As a kind of financial subsidy, government consumption vouchers embody the participation of public power, with the aim of stimulating the sluggish consumer market, expanding domestic demand, and boosting the economy. The issuance of government consumption vouchers in various localities has achieved remarkable results, but administrative monopoly problems have emerged in the process of issuance and use, including the possibility of unfair competition by local governments in the issuance of consumption vouchers, resulting in local protection and market barriers. The choice of distribution platform is prone to monopoly. The choice of contract merchants is prone to unfair competition. In this regard, the administrative monopoly issues arising from the government’s consumption voucher policy should be regulated “before” and “after”, and the administrative monopoly issues involved should be regulated by building a legal and regulatory system for consumption vouchers, promoting fair competition review of the government’s consumption voucher policy, improving the status of the Anti-Monopoly Law, and strengthening the powers of antimonopoly law enforcement agencies, so as to create a good environment for the issuance of government consumption vouchers and maximize their due functions.