区块链技术电子证据鉴真困境及解决路径

The Dilemmas and Solutions of Electronic Evidence Authentication under Blockchain Technology

摘要: 自2018年区块链存证电子数据法律效力被首次确认至2021年6月《人民法院在线诉讼规则》的出台，区块链证据规则体系逐步建立。本文立足于互联网法院近三年的真实案例，从互联网法院审查方式、证据上链前的真实等方面探究互联网法院关于鉴定区块链证据真实性存在的困境，并深层分析司法实践中存在问题的原因。论文通过借鉴国外经验并结合我国司法特点，提出引入技术调查官，明确证据的来源和生成过程和鉴定证据的哈希值和数字签名等证据认定路径，为区块链证据鉴真实践中的疑难问题提供解决思路。

Abstract: Since the legal effect of blockchain electronic data was first confirmed in 2018 to the introduction of the People’s Court Online Litigation Rules in June 2021, the blockchain evidence rule system has been gradually established. Based on the real cases of the Internet court in the past three years, this paper explores the dilemmas of the Internet courts in identifying the authenticity of blockchain evidence from the aspects of the review methods and the reality of evidence before the data is onchaining, and deeply analyzes the causes of the problems in judicial practice. By drawing on foreign experience and combining with the judicial characteristics of China, the paper proposes to introduce technical investigators, clarify the source and generation process of evidence and the evidence identification path such as HASH and digital signature of identification evidence, and provide solutions to difficult problems in the practice of blockchain evidence authentication.