气象旅游资源分类赋权评价模型与实测——以安徽黄山风景区为例

On Evaluation Model and Measurement of Type-Based Weighting of Meteorological Tourism Resources—A Case Study of Huangshan

摘要: 自然界和人类社会凡能对旅游者产生吸引力，可以为旅游业开发利用，并可产生经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的各种天气现象、气候条件及其衍生产物定义为气象旅游资源，其在旅游业发展中的作用日益体现，为了有效利用这一资源，需对各类气象景观作出分类，并建立有效的评价指标体系。本文对气象旅游资源进行了分类，归纳了天气景观资源、气候环境资源、人文气象资源单体评价因子，运用层次分析法，确定相应类型单体评价因子的权重和分值，构建气象旅游资源评价模型，实现对旅游目的地气象旅游资源品质评价，以及同类型不同地区的气象旅游资源横向比较。以黄山风景区为例，对其气象旅游资源进行分类与评价，结果表明，气象旅游资源评价模型能够客观评价黄山气象旅游资源品质，得出的资源品质指数能够反应不同地点气象旅游资源优劣，且与景区游客空间密度正相关，符合公众对于气象旅游资源的体验认知，证明了气象旅游资源价值分类赋权评价模型具有合理性与可操作性，可为气象旅游资源的评价、规划与开发提供科学依据。

Abstract: Meteorological tourism resources are defined as various weather phenomena, climatic conditions, and their derivatives that can attract tourists, develop and utilize tourism, and generate economic, social, and environmental benefits in nature and human society. The importance of meteorological tourism resources in the development of tourism is increasingly reflected. In order to use this resource effectively, it is necessary to classify all kinds of meteorological resources and establish an effective evaluation index system. This paper classifies the meteorological tourism resources, and concludes monomer evaluation factors of weather landscape resources, climate resources and me-teorological resources of Humanities, then use analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weights and scores of corresponding types of monomer evaluation factors, build the evaluation model for the meteorological tourism resources. This model not only evaluates the quality of meteorological tour-ism resources in tourist destinations, but also achieves horizontal comparison of meteorological tourism resources in different regions of the same type. The classification and evaluation of meteor-ological tourism resources in Huangshan scenic area shows that the evaluation model of meteoro-logical tourism resources can objectively evaluate the quality of meteorological tourism resources in Huangshan. The resource quality index can reflect the advantages and disadvantages of meteor-ological tourism resources in different locations, and is positively related to the spatial density of tourists in scenic spots, which is consistent with the public’s experience and cognition of meteoro-logical tourism resources. The results showed that evaluation model with type-based weighting of meteorological tourism resources is both sensible and replicable, which can provide a scientific base for long-term plan and development of meteorological tourism resources.