慢性鼻窦炎内镜术后中医外治研究进展

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Chronic Sinusitis after Endoscopic Surgery

摘要: 慢性鼻窦炎是耳鼻咽喉科常见病，各年龄段均可发生，病因病机比较复杂。慢性鼻窦炎迁延不愈者，临床多予鼻内镜手术治疗，可在直视下清除病灶，改善并重建鼻腔、鼻窦功能，具有微创优势。但鼻内镜手术仍然存在一定创伤，可导致鼻咽防御功能的丧失以及净化能力的下降，局部细菌大量繁殖，可发生术腔粘连、窦口闭锁等并发症，且术后患者局部及全身并发症较多，翻修率较高。中医外治法在慢性鼻窦炎内镜术后治疗方面取得了一定进展，多种外治法如中药冲洗、超声雾化、涂鼻、喷鼻、滴鼻、针刺、耳穴贴压配合穴位按摩、穴位电刺激等疗效显著，有广阔的发展前景。文章对近年来中医外治法治疗慢性鼻窦炎内镜术后的研究进行综述，探讨其作用机理，供中医临床参考。

Abstract: Chronic sinusitis is a common disease in the field of otolaryngology, which can occur in all age groups and has a complex etiology and pathogenesis. Patients with chronic sinusitis who persist and do not heal are often treated with endoscopic sinus surgery in clinical practice, which can clear the lesion under direct vision, improve and reconstruct the function of the nasal cavity and sinuses, and has a minimally invasive advantage. However, endoscopic sinus surgery still has certain trauma, which can lead to the loss of nasopharyngeal defense function and a decrease in purification ability. Local bacteria proliferate in large numbers, leading to complications such as surgical cavity adhe-sion and sinus occlusion. Additionally, postoperative patients have more local and systemic compli-cations, resulting in a higher revision rate. Traditional Chinese medicine external treatment meth-ods have made certain progress in the treatment of chronic sinusitis after endoscopic surgery. Var-ious external treatment methods, such as traditional Chinese medicine flushing, ultrasonic atomi-zation, nasal application, nasal spray, nasal drip, acupuncture, ear point pressing combined with acupoint massage, and acupoint electrical stimulation, have significant therapeutic effects and broad development prospects. This article reviews the research on external treatment of chronic sinusitis with traditional Chinese medicine in recent years after endoscopic surgery, explores its mechanism of action, and provides clinical reference for traditional Chinese medicine.