正念训练在改造服刑人员中的运用

The Application of Right Mindfulness Training in Reforming Prisoners

摘要: 根据司法部的要求，监狱要推动将“不跑人”的底线安全观向输出“合格产品”的治本安全观转变。基于现有正念训练的局限性和服刑人员的特殊性，应将身心的正念训练提高到身心识的正念训练，采用由正念健身法、正念心理疗法、正念认识疗法三者组成的完整的正念训练来改造服刑人员。笔者对相关理论和技术进行了梳理，介绍了“微笑观呼吸法”“面部放松法”“放松肩膀法”“回到当下法”“去除急切法”以及正念认识疗法的四种观想方式。不仅要将正念训练纳入到对服刑人员的教育改造中来，还要积极探索以正念的方式来开展教育改造工作，达到有效改造服刑人员的目的。

Abstract: According to the requirement of Ministry of Justice, prisons should promote the transition from the bottom line safety concept of “not running away” to the fundamental safety concept of exporting “qualified products”. Because of the limitations of the existing Right Mindfulness Training and the particularities of prisoners, we should improve the Right Mindfulness Training of body and psy-chology to the Right Mindfulness Training of body, psychology and cognition, and adopt a complete Right Mindfulness Training consisting of Right Mindfulness-Based Fitness Method, Right Mindful-ness-Based Psychotherapy and Right Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy to transform prisoners. The author sorts out the relevant theories and techniques, and introduces “Smiling and Watching Breathing Method” “Relaxing Face Method” “Relaxing Shoulders Method” “Returning to the Present Method” “Eliminating Anxiety Method” and four watching and thinking methods of Right Mindful-ness-Based Cognitive Therapy. We should not only bring Right Mindfulness Training into the educa-tion and reform of prisoners, but also actively explore to how carry out education and reform in way of Right Mindfulness, so as to achieve the goal of effectively reforming prisoners.