网络游戏成瘾者的自然奖赏和抑制控制缺陷的神经机制
Neural Mechanisms of Natural Reward and Inhibitory Control Deficits in Online Game Addicts
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2023.1311687, PDF,   
作者: 朱理欣, 滕慧娜, 邱博宇*：广州医科大学卫生管理学院，广东 广州；张轩宇：广州医科大学精神卫生学院，广东 广州
关键词: 网络游戏成瘾；神经机制；抑制控制；自然奖赏；Internet Games Addition； Neural Mechanism； Inhibition Control； Natural Reward
摘要: 网络游戏成瘾的现象愈发严重，研究网络游戏成瘾的机制和影响变得尤为重要。以往的研究多通过社会心理变量、心理认知和决策能力等因素对网络游戏成瘾的机制及其影响其他成瘾行为的路径及逆行进行讨论，但仍缺乏对网络游戏成瘾的认知神经机制的讨论。本文从神经机制的角度讨论网络游戏成瘾的两个通路，一是抑制奖赏寻求的脑区功能失调，二是自然奖赏的反应降低。一方面，网络游戏成瘾导致抑制控制能力的神经基础异常，即尾状核体积增加、额纹状体和额扣回带脑区过度激活，从而影响个体的抑制控制能力，进而增加其他成瘾行为产生的风险；另一方面网络游戏成瘾患者表现出中脑多巴胺系统功能障碍，前额皮质、边缘系统和杏仁核三个脑结构异常，以致对自然奖赏的反应降低，可能导致一系列的行为问题。未来研究应关注网络游戏成瘾下抑制控制能力和奖赏反应之间的关系，以及抑制控制和奖赏寻求能力的修复。
Abstract: The issue of online game addiction has become increasingly grave. Therefore, it is crucial to inves-tigate the mechanisms and consequences of this addiction. Previous studies have mainly examined the mechanisms and pathways of online game addiction, as well as its impact on other addictive behaviours, which can be attributed to various psychosocial variables, cognitive factors and deci-sion-making abilities. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the cognitive neural mecha-nisms of online game addiction. In this paper, we examine two pathways of online gaming addiction from a neural mechanisms perspective, namely, brain region dysfunction that inhibits re-ward-seeking and the decreased response to natural rewards. Online gaming addiction causes neu-ral basis abnormalities in inhibitory control. The enlarging of the caudate nucleus and heightened activity of the frontal striatum and frontal cingulate gyrus areas of the brain affect an individual’s ability to control impulses, thus increasing the likelihood of other addictive behaviours. On the con-trary, individuals with internet gaming disorder present with midbrain dopamine system dysfunc-tion and anomalies in the prefrontal cortex, limbic system, and amygdala. This ultimately results in a decrease in their ability to respond to natural rewards, potentially leading to various behavioural issues. Future research should prioritise exploring the correlation between inhibitory control and reward response in individuals with online gaming addiction, and the potential for improving in-hibitory control and reducing reward-seeking behaviour. It is recommended that future studies in-vestigate these factors in depth to further our understanding of this phenomenon.
文章引用：朱理欣, 滕慧娜, 张轩宇, 邱博宇 (2023). 网络游戏成瘾者的自然奖赏和抑制控制缺陷的神经机制. 心理学进展, 13(11), 5431-5437. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2023.1311687

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