标准必要专利禁令救济滥用的反垄断法规制研究

Study on the Antitrust Regulation of Abuse of Injunctive Relief for Standard-Essential Patents

摘要: 为了维护市场的公平竞争、促进技术的进步以及确保专利权人的合法权益，反垄断法的实施显得尤为重要。由于标准必要专利存在天然张力，滥用禁令救济行为随之日渐增多，给专利权人与社会大众之间的权利协调提出了更高的要求。同时，滥用禁令救济的客观竞争效果和专利权人的主观目的很难明确界定，这也导致了禁令救济的合法性受到了严重的挑战。尽管目前，我国已经在立法、司法和执法等领域取得了一些初步经验，但是这些制度的建立和完善还需要进一步努力。为了更好地评估“滥用行为”的效果，本文建议改进我国的专利拒绝许可制度，并且加强《反垄断法指南》的执行，以及建立一套独特的反垄断审核机制。

Abstract: In order to maintain fair competition in the market, to promote technological progress and to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of patentees, the implementation of antitrust law is particularly important. Due to the existence of natural tensions in standard essential patents, the abuse of injunctive relief behaviour is subsequently increasing day by day, which puts forward higher requirements for the coordination of rights between the patentee and the society at large. At the same time, the objective competitive effect of abusive injunctive relief and the subjective purpose of the patentee are difficult to be clearly defined, which also leads to the legality of injunctive relief being seriously challenged. Although we have already gained some initial experience in the areas of legislation, judiciary and law enforcement, the establishment and improvement of these systems require further efforts. In order to better assess the effects of “abusive behaviour”, I recommend improving our patent refusal licensing system and strengthening the enforcement of the Antimonopoly Guidelines, as well as establishing a unique antimonopoly review mechanism.