日本智慧化养老及其对中国的启示

Smart Ageing in Japan and Its Implications for China

摘要: 在严峻的老龄化形势下，智慧化养老已成为必然趋势。作为较早步入老龄化社会的国家，日本丰富的智慧化养老实践经验，能为我国提供一定的借鉴与启发。分析发现，日本主要借助法律与技术手段促进其智慧养老的建设，具体表现为政府始终作为科技创新战略的规划者，激发其他主体活力，运用现代科技满足老年人健康养老需求，重视人才队伍的建设。借鉴日本经验，结合我国具体国情，提出在政策引导与支持、需求与供给、人才要素等方面我国智慧化养老建设与发展的启示。但值得注意的是，在此过程中，如何厘清政府责任与保障边界，避免进一步加深城乡差距和数字鸿沟，也是我国智慧化养老实践必须思考和解决的问题。

Abstract: Under the severe aging situation, smart ageing has become an inevitable trend. As a country that has entered the aging society earlier, Japan’s rich practical experience in smart aging can provide certain reference and inspiration for China. The analysis found that Japan mainly uses legal and technical means to promote the construction of smart old-age care, which is specifically manifested in the fact that the government always acts as the planner of scientific and technological innovation strategy, stimulates the vitality of other main bodies, meets the needs of the elderly in healthy old-age care by using modern science and technology, and attaches importance to the construction of human resources team. Drawing on Japan’s experience and combining with China’s specific national conditions, we put forward the insights of China’s intelligent elderly construction and development in terms of policy guidance and support, demand and supply, and talent elements. However, it is worth noting that in this process, how to clarify the government’s responsibility and protection boundaries to avoid further deepening the urban-rural gap and digital divide is also a problem that must be thought about and solved in China’s intelligent elderly care practice.