跨国投资者对生物多样性保护的社会责任

The Social Responsibility of Transnational Investors for Biodiversity Conservation

摘要: 跨国投资者作为经济全球化的参与者在国际经济舞台上的地位日益突出，而跨国投资者的不当行为对生态环境的破坏也逐渐受到国际关注。生物资源多样性为社会和现代经济的运行创造了巨大的经济价值，生物多样性在其组成部分、导致其丧失的因素以及由此产生的利益方面具有明显的跨界性和全球性。尽管国际投资法制已有争端解决程序和机制，但国际法在生物多样性保护领域尚未出现对跨国投资者实体责任设定的专门立法，需要进一步完善。当前跨国投资者的义务应转向生物多样性保护的生态自然上来，实现生物多样性保护与长期经济价值创造的良性互动关系。同时需要对投资者母国、东道国以及跨国投资者三方设定合作义务，实现三方审查监管的合作互动模式，确保投资行为与生态保护的协调发展。

Abstract: As the participants of economic globalization, the status of transnational investors is becoming more and more prominent in the international economic stage, and the damage of the ecological environment caused by the improper behavior of transnational investors has gradually attracted international attention. The biodiversity of biological resources has created enormous economic value for the operation of society and modern economy, and biodiversity has obvious transboundary and global nature in terms of its components, the factors leading to its loss and the resulting benefits. Although there are dispute settlement procedures and mechanisms in the international investment legal system, there is no specific legislation on the entity liability of transnational in-vestors in the field of biodiversity conservation in international law, which needs to be further improved. At present, the obligation of transnational investors should be shifted to the ecological nature of biodiversity conservation, so as to realize the positive interaction between biodiversity conservation and long-term economic value creation. At the same time, it is necessary to set cooperation obligations for the investor’s home country, the host country and the multinational investor, and realize the cooperation and interaction mode of the tripartite review and supervision, so as to ensure the coordinated development of investment behavior and ecological protection.