国外老年照护服务研究热点及展望——基于CiteSpace知识图谱的可视化分析(2007~2022)

Research Hotspot and Prospect of Elderly Care Service Abroad—Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace Knowledge Map (2007~2022)

摘要: 目的：对老年照护服务的英文文献研究进展与趋势进行分析、归纳、总结，为我国照护服务相关研究提供理论参考，为我国长期照护模式的实践工作提供经验借鉴。方法：以科学引文数据库(Webof Science)核心合集中收录的2007~2022年老年照护服务的相关文献作为数据源，使用文献计量学方法，结合CiteSpace V和Tableau数据可视化软件绘制研究机构与作者、研究国家、关键词、突现词和文献共被引网络等可视化图谱，以探析老年照护服务的研究热点和发展态势。结果：共纳入老年照护服务相关英文文献1492篇，老年照护领域的发文数量于2016年后呈现明显上升趋势，研究机构和国家的相互联系密切，研究作者之间的联系相对分散。老年照护服务与医学、心理学、护理学和教育学等学科的知识流动频率较高，学科内涵丰富。研究热点关键词包括生活质量、长期照护、居家照护服务、社区、初级照护、护理人员、精神健康等，突现词包括行为模型、初级照护、家庭护理人员、就地老化、服务使用和照护质量等。文献共被引聚类包含服务供需双方的人群研究、老年人照护需求研究、服务的系统性管理和服务质量评价等。结论：老年照护服务日益受到重视，典型的国家已形成长期照护服务体系等基本模式，为我国照护服务实践提供参考。我国需要继续完善照护相关政策和体系，结合多学科技术方法和多元照护主体，推动我国照护服务从碎片化运作向整体化治理转变。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze and summarize the progress and trend of English literature research on elderly care services, so as to provide theoretical reference for related research on care services in China and experience for the practice of long-term care model in China. Methods: Taking the related literatures of the aged care service collected in the core collection of the Web of Science from 2007 to 2022 as the data source, using bibliometrics method, combined with CiteSpace V and Tableau data visualization software, the visual maps of research institutions and authors, research countries, keywords, pop-up words and literature co-citation networks were drawn to explore the research hotspots and development trends of the aged care service. Results: A total of 1492 English articles on geriatric care services were included. After 2016, the number of articles in the field of geriatric care showed an obvious upward trend. The research institutions and countries were closely related to each other, and the relationship between research authors was relatively scattered. The knowledge flow between the aged care service and the disciplines of medicine, psychology, nursing and pedagogy is high, and the disciplines are rich in connotation. Hot keywords include quality of life, long-term care, home care service, community, primary care, nursing staff, mental health, etc. Emergent words include behavior model, primary care, home care staff, local aging, service use and quality of care, etc. Literature co-citation clustering includes population research on both sides of service supply and demand, research on care needs of the elderly, systematic management of services and evaluation of service quality. Conclusion: Elderly care service has been paid more and more attention, and typical countries have formed basic models such as long-term care service system, which provides reference for the practice of care service in China. China needs to continue to improve the care-related policies and systems, combine multidisciplinary technical methods and multiple care subjects, and promote the transformation of China’s care services from fragmented operation to holistic governance.