江西龙布客家话语气词

Modal Particles of Jiangxi Longbu Hakka

摘要: 龙布客家话中有20个语气词，分别是：啊[a²¹]、啊[a⁴⁴]、吗[ma⁴⁴]、哇[va²¹⁴]、哇[va⁴⁴]、呢[ne²¹]、呢[ne⁴⁴]、哈[xa⁴⁴]、哈[xa²¹⁴]、哦[əu⁴⁴]、哦[əu²¹]、吧[pha³⁵]、唦[sa³⁵]、欸[ei⁴⁴]、个[ge²¹]、得[tei²¹]、嗷[ɔ⁵⁴]、夯[xɑŋ⁴⁴]、呵[xe⁴⁴]、时[si³²]。“啊[a⁴⁴]、哇[va⁴⁴]、呢[ne⁴⁴]、时[si³²]”这4个语气词既可以用于句末也可用于句中；对各个语气词的语义及功能展开阐述，根据语气的不同总结出祈使语气、疑问语气、感叹语气、陈述语气、询问与质问语气以及商量与假设语气等六个语气类型。

Abstract: There are 20 modal particles in Longbu Hakka dialect, including: 啊[a²¹], 啊[a⁴⁴], 吗[ma^44], 哇[va²¹⁴], 哇[va⁴⁴], 呢[ne²¹], 呢[ne⁴⁴], 哈[xa⁴⁴], 哈[xa²¹⁴], 哦[əu⁴⁴], 哦[əu²¹], 吧[pha³⁵], 唦[sa³⁵], 欸[ei⁴⁴], 个[ge²¹], 得[tei²¹], 嗷[ɔ⁵⁴], 夯[xɑŋ⁴⁴], 呵[xe⁴⁴], 时[si³²]. “啊[a⁴⁴], 哇[va⁴⁴], 呢[ne⁴⁴], 时[si³²]”, These four modal particles can be used either at the end of a sentence or in the middle of a sentence. According to the different mood, six mood types are summarized, including imperative, interrogative, exclamatory, declarative, interrogative and interrogative, and consultation and hy-pothesis.