南京林业大学校园户外声景的感知研究

Perception of Outdoor Sound Scenery on the Campus of Nanjing Forestry University

摘要: 校园户外景观作为城市公共空间中的一种特殊形态，承载着丰富的景观资源，声音景观作为感知地方与空间的影响因素，对校园景观环境的提升有着重要作用。本研究以南京林业大学校园户外景观为例，通过校园问卷调查以及访谈等研究方式，探究了疫情校园封闭条件下，校园户外景观感知主体对于声音景观的感知、偏好和行为，研究发现：(1) 在校园空间和功能结构来看，位于不同位置的空间类型与声音景观的感知和偏好直接相关，越靠近水域自然空间，感知主体的积极情感相对越强烈，西潭的声音景观提供了相对积极的感知空间。(2) 环境景观功能影响感知主体对陌生场地声音景观的感知研判，也决定了声音景观元素的偏好。景观场地不同，感知主体随着环境、心理的不同，对声音景观元素的感知偏好、感知能力不同。(3) 不同声音类型对感知主体情感偏好的贡献率存在差异。基于此，本研究提出在校园景观规划中应重视对于声音景观的建设和维护，为校园户外空间规划实践提供参照。

Abstract: Campus outdoor landscape, as a special form of urban public space, carries rich landscape resources. As an influencing factor in perceiving place and space, sound landscape plays an important role in improving the campus landscape environment. This study takes the outdoor landscape of Nanjing Forestry University campus as an example, and explores the perception, preference, and behavior of campus outdoor landscape perception subjects towards sound landscape under the closed conditions of the epidemic campus through campus questionnaire surveys and interviews. The study found that: (1) in terms of campus space and functional structure, the spatial types located in different locations are directly related to the perception and preference of sound landscape, and the closer they are to the natural space of the water body. The stronger the positive emotions of the perception subject, the more positive the perception space provided by the sound landscape of Xitan. (2) The environmental function to a certain extent affects the perception expectations of the perception subject towards the type of sound landscape in the area, thereby determining their emotional preference for the type of sound. At different locations, the perception subject is influenced by environmental and psycho-logical factors, and their perception and preference for different sound landscape elements vary. (3) There are differences in the contribution rates of different sound types to the perceptual subject’s emotional preferences. Based on this, this study proposes that attention should be paid to the construction and maintenance of sound landscapes in campus landscape planning, providing reference for the practice of campus outdoor space planning.