子女教育对农村老年父母经济支持的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Children’s Education on the Economic Support of Rural Elderly Parents

摘要: 在人口老龄化的背景下，我国农村老年人口的养老问题日益严重。本文基于2018年CHARLS的数据，通过倾向得分匹配法(PSM)分析发现子女受教育水平对农村老年父母的经济支持有显著的正向影响作用；接受高等教育的子女平均每年会多给予父母1455元的经济支持。此外，接受高等教育的子女赡养意识和收入也会增加，从而在生活中更倾向于给予老年父母较多的经济帮助。老年父母对孙辈的隔代照料会正向调节子女受教育水平对经济支持的影响，但子女教育水平的提高也会减小隔代照料的发生率。完善农村地区公共养老制度，提高乡村教育质量，同时利用公益宣传提高子女对父母的赡养意识是缓解我国农村地区养老问题的有效手段。

Abstract: Under the background of population aging, the issue of elderly care in rural areas of China is becoming more and more serious. Based on the 2018 CHARLS data, this paper finds that children’s education level has a significant positive impact on the economic support of rural elderly parents through propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. On average, children with higher education give their parents an extra ¥1455 a year in financial support. In addition, the awareness and income of children receiving higher education will also increase, so they are more inclined to give elderly parents more financial help in life. The intergenerational care of grand-children by elderly parents positively moderates the influence of children’s education level on economic support, but the improvement of children’s education level will also reduce the incidence of intergenerational care. Improving the public elderly care system in rural areas, im-proving the quality of rural education and using public welfare propaganda to improve the support of children to their parents is an effective way to alleviate the elderly care problem in rural areas of our country.