社会支持视角下回流儿童学业困境探析

Exploring the Academic Dilemma of Returned Children from the Perspective of Social Support

摘要: 近年来，随着乡村振兴的发展。越来越多的人从城市回到农村发展。同时也有一大批回流儿童涌入乡村学习和生活。本研究通过对广东省L小镇A中学回流儿童进行深度访谈，别从学习教学方式、学校基础设施、人际交往、师生关系四个方面对广东省L小镇A中学回流儿童的学业困境现状进行了研究。结果表明，回流儿童在学业适应和人际适应方面的整体表现上弱于非回流儿童。本研究以构建社会支持网络为理论支撑，侧重于通过构建正式与非正式的社会支持网络来帮助回流儿童更好地克服学业困境。首先通过政府和学校的积极参与和建立乡镇社工站的建设和推进学校社会工作的发展来构建正式支持网络，其次通过构建良好的师生和朋辈关系来完善回流儿童的非正式社会支持网络，以此促进回流儿童更好的融入新生活。

Abstract: In recent years, with the development of rural revitalization, more and more people have re-turned from cities to rural areas for development. At the same time, a large number of returning children have also flocked to rural areas to study and live. This study conducted in-depth inter-views with returnee children from A Middle School in L Town, Guangdong Province, focusing on the academic difficulties of returnee children from four aspects: learning and teaching methods, school infrastructure, interpersonal communication, and teacher-student relationships. The re-sults showed that the overall performance of returnee children in academic and interpersonal adaptation was weaker than that of non returnee children. This study takes the construction of social support networks as theoretical support, focusing on helping returning children better overcome academic difficulties by constructing formal and informal social support networks. Through the active participation of the government and schools, the construction of township social work stations, and the promotion of the development of school social work, a formal support network is constructed. By building good teacher-student and peer relationships, an informal social support network for returning children is improved to promote the better integration of returning children into their new lives.